You close other people's loans all year and then get declined on your own, because two years of Schedule C net profit does not look like the commissions actually hitting your account. There is a program built for exactly that.
You have walked dozens of buyers through pre-approval. You know what a 1008 looks like. And then you sit on the other side of the desk, hand over two years of returns, and watch an underwriter arrive at a monthly income number that would not qualify you for the condo you listed last week.
It happens for two reasons, and most agents are hit by both at once.
First, the write-offs. Mileage across three counties, photography and video, staging, signage, direct mail, CRM and lead spend, brokerage cap and desk fees, transaction coordinator, MLS and board dues, E and O insurance, CE credits, closing gifts. All legitimate, all deducted, all working directly against the only number a conventional underwriter cares about.
Second, the shape of your income. Conventional self-employed underwriting compares this year to last year. When commission volume steps down even modestly, an underwriter is required to treat the income as declining, which usually means using the lower figure or declining the file entirely. Your business can be perfectly healthy and still trip that rule.
Bank statement and 1099 programs read what came in instead. For an agent whose commissions arrive by wire or check from a title company or closing attorney, that is about as traceable as deposit income gets.
An illustration of one agent on a full commission plan, viewed two different ways.
Illustration only, not a quote, a rate, or an approval. Expense factors, eligible deposit rules and maximum loan amounts vary by lender and by file.
A real estate agent's true expense ratio usually lands somewhere between 30% and 40%, below the 50% factor most programs apply by default. That makes an expense letter from your CPA, EA or tax preparer one of the highest leverage documents in your file, on any lender that accepts one. Team leads paying splits to buyer agents are the exception, since payroll pushes the real ratio up. Have it calculated before it gets sent.
Most self-employed borrowers have nothing this clean. Agents do, and it is regularly overlooked.
One or two years of 1099-NEC forms from your brokerage, with an expense factor applied to the gross. No deposit averaging, no statement gathering, no sourcing conversations about what a $14,000 wire was.
When commissions run through more than one account, when a spouse's income is mixed in, or when you moved brokerages and your deposit history looks fragmented. The 1099 total tells one clean story.
When you earn referral fees, rental income or property management fees that never appear on a brokerage 1099, or when your most recent 12 months are much stronger than the last full tax year.
The right answer is whichever number is higher. Send both and we will calculate them side by side before anything goes to underwriting.
Get a Free Review →Lumpy is fine. Unexplained is not. Here is what underwriting does with each piece.
A $16,000 wire followed by six quiet weeks is normal for this business and does not hurt you. Averaging over 12 or 24 months is exactly how the program is designed to handle it.
Commissions arriving from a title company, closing attorney or your brokerage are easy to trace, which is one reason agent files tend to move quickly through underwriting.
Referral fees, co-broke checks and relocation bonuses count as deposits, though they may not show on your brokerage 1099. This is often the deciding factor between the two routes.
Management fees and rent collected are deposit income too. If you own rentals yourself, ask about a DSCR program, which qualifies on the property's rent rather than your personal income.
Agents who elected S-corp status often pay themselves a modest W-2 salary and take the rest as distributions. That small salary can sink a conventional file. Business account deposits or the 1099 route usually tell the accurate story.
Transfers between your own accounts, escrow or earnest money passing through, credit line draws and one-time windfalls are generally excluded. Recurring commission deposits build your average.
Southern New Hampshire agents run two markets at once, and their income documentation shows it.
Plenty of agents here hold both licenses and hang them at different brokerages, which means two 1099s, sometimes two deposit accounts, and a conventional file that looks more complicated than the business actually is.
Purchase prices in Nashua, Merrimack, Hudson and Bedford routinely outrun what a Schedule C based approval supports, even for agents whose gross commissions comfortably cover the payment.
You already know what a strong offer looks like here. A pre-approval issued in 24 to 72 hours of complete docs means you are not the one asking a seller for extra time.
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You know this drill from the other side. Here is your version of it.
Same borrower, four documentation methods. The right one is whichever produces an approval you can actually use.
| MOST AGENTS Bank Statement or 1099 |
Conventional (Schedule C) | P&L Only | DSCR (rentals) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income documents | 12 to 24 months of statements, or 1 to 2 years of 1099s | 2 years of returns plus YTD P&L | CPA prepared P&L, often plus statements | Lease or market rent, no personal income |
| Do write-offs reduce income? | No, deposits or gross 1099 drive it | Yes, directly | Yes, per the P&L | Not applicable |
| Handles a down year? | Yes, choose the 12 month window | No, declining income is a common decline | Partly | Yes, property based |
| Typical minimum credit | ~620 | ~620 | ~660 | ~660 |
| Typical down payment | 10% to 20% | 3% to 5% | 15% to 25% | 20% to 25% |
| Mortgage insurance | None on most programs | Required under 20% down | None on most programs | None |
| Rate vs. conforming | Higher | Lowest available | Higher | Higher |
Guidelines shown are typical ranges across non-QM investors and change by lender, program and file. Nothing here is a commitment to lend.
Non-QM prices above conforming. You already know why: these loans do not sell to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, so the investor holding them prices for that. No one should pretend otherwise to you of all people.
The comparison that matters is not this rate against a conforming rate you cannot currently get. It is this rate against waiting two more years while you deliberately deduct less, pay materially more in tax, and hope the next two returns show a clean upward trend. Run that with real numbers and the spread usually looks small.
And you know better than most that the loan is a snapshot, not a sentence. Agents refinance into conventional financing regularly once the returns catch up or the business restructures how it pays them. Most non-QM programs we place carry no prepayment penalty on owner-occupied homes, but confirm on your specific program, since some investment property versions do.